1 /*
   2  * Copyright 1997-2007 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa Clara,
  20  * CA 95054 USA or visit www.sun.com if you need additional information or
  21  * have any questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "incls/_precompiled.incl"
  26 #include "incls/_arguments.cpp.incl"
  27 
  28 #define DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG "http://java.sun.com/webapps/bugreport/crash.jsp"
  29 #define DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER  "generic"
  30 
  31 char**  Arguments::_jvm_flags_array             = NULL;
  32 int     Arguments::_num_jvm_flags               = 0;
  33 char**  Arguments::_jvm_args_array              = NULL;
  34 int     Arguments::_num_jvm_args                = 0;
  35 char*  Arguments::_java_command                 = NULL;
  36 SystemProperty* Arguments::_system_properties   = NULL;
  37 const char*  Arguments::_gc_log_filename        = NULL;
  38 bool   Arguments::_has_profile                  = false;
  39 bool   Arguments::_has_alloc_profile            = false;
  40 uintx  Arguments::_initial_heap_size            = 0;
  41 uintx  Arguments::_min_heap_size                = 0;
  42 Arguments::Mode Arguments::_mode                = _mixed;
  43 bool   Arguments::_java_compiler                = false;
  44 bool   Arguments::_xdebug_mode                  = false;
  45 const char*  Arguments::_java_vendor_url_bug    = DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG;
  46 const char*  Arguments::_sun_java_launcher      = DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER;
  47 int    Arguments::_sun_java_launcher_pid        = -1;
  48 
  49 // These parameters are reset in method parse_vm_init_args(JavaVMInitArgs*)
  50 bool   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods     = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
  51 bool   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement        = UseOnStackReplacement;
  52 bool   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation        = BackgroundCompilation;
  53 bool   Arguments::_ClipInlining                 = ClipInlining;
  54 intx   Arguments::_Tier2CompileThreshold        = Tier2CompileThreshold;
  55 
  56 char*  Arguments::SharedArchivePath             = NULL;
  57 
  58 AgentLibraryList Arguments::_libraryList;
  59 AgentLibraryList Arguments::_agentList;
  60 
  61 abort_hook_t     Arguments::_abort_hook         = NULL;
  62 exit_hook_t      Arguments::_exit_hook          = NULL;
  63 vfprintf_hook_t  Arguments::_vfprintf_hook      = NULL;
  64 
  65 
  66 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_ext_dirs = NULL;
  67 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_endorsed_dirs = NULL;
  68 SystemProperty *Arguments::_sun_boot_library_path = NULL;
  69 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_library_path = NULL;
  70 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_home = NULL;
  71 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_class_path = NULL;
  72 SystemProperty *Arguments::_sun_boot_class_path = NULL;
  73 
  74 char* Arguments::_meta_index_path = NULL;
  75 char* Arguments::_meta_index_dir = NULL;
  76 
  77 static bool force_client_mode = false;
  78 
  79 // Check if head of 'option' matches 'name', and sets 'tail' remaining part of option string
  80 
  81 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption *option, const char* name,
  82                          const char** tail) {
  83   int len = (int)strlen(name);
  84   if (strncmp(option->optionString, name, len) == 0) {
  85     *tail = option->optionString + len;
  86     return true;
  87   } else {
  88     return false;
  89   }
  90 }
  91 
  92 static void logOption(const char* opt) {
  93   if (PrintVMOptions) {
  94     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "VM option '%s'\n", opt);
  95   }
  96 }
  97 
  98 // Process java launcher properties.
  99 void Arguments::process_sun_java_launcher_properties(JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
 100   // See if sun.java.launcher or sun.java.launcher.pid is defined.
 101   // Must do this before setting up other system properties,
 102   // as some of them may depend on launcher type.
 103   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
 104     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
 105     const char* tail;
 106 
 107     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher=", &tail)) {
 108       process_java_launcher_argument(tail, option->extraInfo);
 109       continue;
 110     }
 111     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher.pid=", &tail)) {
 112       _sun_java_launcher_pid = atoi(tail);
 113       continue;
 114     }
 115   }
 116 }
 117 
 118 // Initialize system properties key and value.
 119 void Arguments::init_system_properties() {
 120 
 121   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.version", "1.0", false));
 122   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.name",
 123                                                                  "Java Virtual Machine Specification",  false));
 124   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.vendor",
 125                                                                  "Sun Microsystems Inc.",  false));
 126   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.version", VM_Version::vm_release(),  false));
 127   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.name", VM_Version::vm_name(),  false));
 128   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.vendor", VM_Version::vm_vendor(),  false));
 129   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.info", VM_Version::vm_info_string(),  true));
 130 
 131   // following are JVMTI agent writeable properties.
 132   // Properties values are set to NULL and they are
 133   // os specific they are initialized in os::init_system_properties_values().
 134   _java_ext_dirs = new SystemProperty("java.ext.dirs", NULL,  true);
 135   _java_endorsed_dirs = new SystemProperty("java.endorsed.dirs", NULL,  true);
 136   _sun_boot_library_path = new SystemProperty("sun.boot.library.path", NULL,  true);
 137   _java_library_path = new SystemProperty("java.library.path", NULL,  true);
 138   _java_home =  new SystemProperty("java.home", NULL,  true);
 139   _sun_boot_class_path = new SystemProperty("sun.boot.class.path", NULL,  true);
 140 
 141   _java_class_path = new SystemProperty("java.class.path", "",  true);
 142 
 143   // Add to System Property list.
 144   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_ext_dirs);
 145   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_endorsed_dirs);
 146   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _sun_boot_library_path);
 147   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_library_path);
 148   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_home);
 149   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_class_path);
 150   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _sun_boot_class_path);
 151 
 152   // Set OS specific system properties values
 153   os::init_system_properties_values();
 154 }
 155 
 156 // String containing commands that will be ignored and cause a
 157 // warning to be issued.  These commands should be accepted
 158 // for 1.6 but not 1.7.  The string should be cleared at the
 159 // beginning of 1.7.
 160 static const char*  obsolete_jvm_flags_1_5_0[] = {
 161                                            "UseTrainGC",
 162                                            "UseSpecialLargeObjectHandling",
 163                                            "UseOversizedCarHandling",
 164                                            "TraceCarAllocation",
 165                                            "PrintTrainGCProcessingStats",
 166                                            "LogOfCarSpaceSize",
 167                                            "OversizedCarThreshold",
 168                                            "MinTickInterval",
 169                                            "DefaultTickInterval",
 170                                            "MaxTickInterval",
 171                                            "DelayTickAdjustment",
 172                                            "ProcessingToTenuringRatio",
 173                                            "MinTrainLength",
 174                                            0};
 175 
 176 bool Arguments::made_obsolete_in_1_5_0(const char *s) {
 177   int i = 0;
 178   while (obsolete_jvm_flags_1_5_0[i] != NULL) {
 179     // <flag>=xxx form
 180     // [-|+]<flag> form
 181     if ((strncmp(obsolete_jvm_flags_1_5_0[i], s,
 182                strlen(obsolete_jvm_flags_1_5_0[i])) == 0) ||
 183         ((s[0] == '+' || s[0] == '-') &&
 184         (strncmp(obsolete_jvm_flags_1_5_0[i], &s[1],
 185                strlen(obsolete_jvm_flags_1_5_0[i])) == 0))) {
 186       return true;
 187     }
 188     i++;
 189   }
 190   return false;
 191 }
 192 
 193 // Constructs the system class path (aka boot class path) from the following
 194 // components, in order:
 195 //
 196 //     prefix           // from -Xbootclasspath/p:...
 197 //     endorsed         // the expansion of -Djava.endorsed.dirs=...
 198 //     base             // from os::get_system_properties() or -Xbootclasspath=
 199 //     suffix           // from -Xbootclasspath/a:...
 200 //
 201 // java.endorsed.dirs is a list of directories; any jar or zip files in the
 202 // directories are added to the sysclasspath just before the base.
 203 //
 204 // This could be AllStatic, but it isn't needed after argument processing is
 205 // complete.
 206 class SysClassPath: public StackObj {
 207 public:
 208   SysClassPath(const char* base);
 209   ~SysClassPath();
 210 
 211   inline void set_base(const char* base);
 212   inline void add_prefix(const char* prefix);
 213   inline void add_suffix(const char* suffix);
 214   inline void reset_path(const char* base);
 215 
 216   // Expand the jar/zip files in each directory listed by the java.endorsed.dirs
 217   // property.  Must be called after all command-line arguments have been
 218   // processed (in particular, -Djava.endorsed.dirs=...) and before calling
 219   // combined_path().
 220   void expand_endorsed();
 221 
 222   inline const char* get_base()     const { return _items[_scp_base]; }
 223   inline const char* get_prefix()   const { return _items[_scp_prefix]; }
 224   inline const char* get_suffix()   const { return _items[_scp_suffix]; }
 225   inline const char* get_endorsed() const { return _items[_scp_endorsed]; }
 226 
 227   // Combine all the components into a single c-heap-allocated string; caller
 228   // must free the string if/when no longer needed.
 229   char* combined_path();
 230 
 231 private:
 232   // Utility routines.
 233   static char* add_to_path(const char* path, const char* str, bool prepend);
 234   static char* add_jars_to_path(char* path, const char* directory);
 235 
 236   inline void reset_item_at(int index);
 237 
 238   // Array indices for the items that make up the sysclasspath.  All except the
 239   // base are allocated in the C heap and freed by this class.
 240   enum {
 241     _scp_prefix,        // from -Xbootclasspath/p:...
 242     _scp_endorsed,      // the expansion of -Djava.endorsed.dirs=...
 243     _scp_base,          // the default sysclasspath
 244     _scp_suffix,        // from -Xbootclasspath/a:...
 245     _scp_nitems         // the number of items, must be last.
 246   };
 247 
 248   const char* _items[_scp_nitems];
 249   DEBUG_ONLY(bool _expansion_done;)
 250 };
 251 
 252 SysClassPath::SysClassPath(const char* base) {
 253   memset(_items, 0, sizeof(_items));
 254   _items[_scp_base] = base;
 255   DEBUG_ONLY(_expansion_done = false;)
 256 }
 257 
 258 SysClassPath::~SysClassPath() {
 259   // Free everything except the base.
 260   for (int i = 0; i < _scp_nitems; ++i) {
 261     if (i != _scp_base) reset_item_at(i);
 262   }
 263   DEBUG_ONLY(_expansion_done = false;)
 264 }
 265 
 266 inline void SysClassPath::set_base(const char* base) {
 267   _items[_scp_base] = base;
 268 }
 269 
 270 inline void SysClassPath::add_prefix(const char* prefix) {
 271   _items[_scp_prefix] = add_to_path(_items[_scp_prefix], prefix, true);
 272 }
 273 
 274 inline void SysClassPath::add_suffix(const char* suffix) {
 275   _items[_scp_suffix] = add_to_path(_items[_scp_suffix], suffix, false);
 276 }
 277 
 278 inline void SysClassPath::reset_item_at(int index) {
 279   assert(index < _scp_nitems && index != _scp_base, "just checking");
 280   if (_items[index] != NULL) {
 281     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, _items[index]);
 282     _items[index] = NULL;
 283   }
 284 }
 285 
 286 inline void SysClassPath::reset_path(const char* base) {
 287   // Clear the prefix and suffix.
 288   reset_item_at(_scp_prefix);
 289   reset_item_at(_scp_suffix);
 290   set_base(base);
 291 }
 292 
 293 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 294 
 295 void SysClassPath::expand_endorsed() {
 296   assert(_items[_scp_endorsed] == NULL, "can only be called once.");
 297 
 298   const char* path = Arguments::get_property("java.endorsed.dirs");
 299   if (path == NULL) {
 300     path = Arguments::get_endorsed_dir();
 301     assert(path != NULL, "no default for java.endorsed.dirs");
 302   }
 303 
 304   char* expanded_path = NULL;
 305   const char separator = *os::path_separator();
 306   const char* const end = path + strlen(path);
 307   while (path < end) {
 308     const char* tmp_end = strchr(path, separator);
 309     if (tmp_end == NULL) {
 310       expanded_path = add_jars_to_path(expanded_path, path);
 311       path = end;
 312     } else {
 313       char* dirpath = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, tmp_end - path + 1);
 314       memcpy(dirpath, path, tmp_end - path);
 315       dirpath[tmp_end - path] = '\0';
 316       expanded_path = add_jars_to_path(expanded_path, dirpath);
 317       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, dirpath);
 318       path = tmp_end + 1;
 319     }
 320   }
 321   _items[_scp_endorsed] = expanded_path;
 322   DEBUG_ONLY(_expansion_done = true;)
 323 }
 324 
 325 // Combine the bootclasspath elements, some of which may be null, into a single
 326 // c-heap-allocated string.
 327 char* SysClassPath::combined_path() {
 328   assert(_items[_scp_base] != NULL, "empty default sysclasspath");
 329   assert(_expansion_done, "must call expand_endorsed() first.");
 330 
 331   size_t lengths[_scp_nitems];
 332   size_t total_len = 0;
 333 
 334   const char separator = *os::path_separator();
 335 
 336   // Get the lengths.
 337   int i;
 338   for (i = 0; i < _scp_nitems; ++i) {
 339     if (_items[i] != NULL) {
 340       lengths[i] = strlen(_items[i]);
 341       // Include space for the separator char (or a NULL for the last item).
 342       total_len += lengths[i] + 1;
 343     }
 344   }
 345   assert(total_len > 0, "empty sysclasspath not allowed");
 346 
 347   // Copy the _items to a single string.
 348   char* cp = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, total_len);
 349   char* cp_tmp = cp;
 350   for (i = 0; i < _scp_nitems; ++i) {
 351     if (_items[i] != NULL) {
 352       memcpy(cp_tmp, _items[i], lengths[i]);
 353       cp_tmp += lengths[i];
 354       *cp_tmp++ = separator;
 355     }
 356   }
 357   *--cp_tmp = '\0';     // Replace the extra separator.
 358   return cp;
 359 }
 360 
 361 // Note:  path must be c-heap-allocated (or NULL); it is freed if non-null.
 362 char*
 363 SysClassPath::add_to_path(const char* path, const char* str, bool prepend) {
 364   char *cp;
 365 
 366   assert(str != NULL, "just checking");
 367   if (path == NULL) {
 368     size_t len = strlen(str) + 1;
 369     cp = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len);
 370     memcpy(cp, str, len);                       // copy the trailing null
 371   } else {
 372     const char separator = *os::path_separator();
 373     size_t old_len = strlen(path);
 374     size_t str_len = strlen(str);
 375     size_t len = old_len + str_len + 2;
 376 
 377     if (prepend) {
 378       cp = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len);
 379       char* cp_tmp = cp;
 380       memcpy(cp_tmp, str, str_len);
 381       cp_tmp += str_len;
 382       *cp_tmp = separator;
 383       memcpy(++cp_tmp, path, old_len + 1);      // copy the trailing null
 384       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, path);
 385     } else {
 386       cp = REALLOC_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, path, len);
 387       char* cp_tmp = cp + old_len;
 388       *cp_tmp = separator;
 389       memcpy(++cp_tmp, str, str_len + 1);       // copy the trailing null
 390     }
 391   }
 392   return cp;
 393 }
 394 
 395 // Scan the directory and append any jar or zip files found to path.
 396 // Note:  path must be c-heap-allocated (or NULL); it is freed if non-null.
 397 char* SysClassPath::add_jars_to_path(char* path, const char* directory) {
 398   DIR* dir = os::opendir(directory);
 399   if (dir == NULL) return path;
 400 
 401   char dir_sep[2] = { '\0', '\0' };
 402   size_t directory_len = strlen(directory);
 403   const char fileSep = *os::file_separator();
 404   if (directory[directory_len - 1] != fileSep) dir_sep[0] = fileSep;
 405 
 406   /* Scan the directory for jars/zips, appending them to path. */
 407   struct dirent *entry;
 408   char *dbuf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, os::readdir_buf_size(directory));
 409   while ((entry = os::readdir(dir, (dirent *) dbuf)) != NULL) {
 410     const char* name = entry->d_name;
 411     const char* ext = name + strlen(name) - 4;
 412     bool isJarOrZip = ext > name &&
 413       (os::file_name_strcmp(ext, ".jar") == 0 ||
 414        os::file_name_strcmp(ext, ".zip") == 0);
 415     if (isJarOrZip) {
 416       char* jarpath = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, directory_len + 2 + strlen(name));
 417       sprintf(jarpath, "%s%s%s", directory, dir_sep, name);
 418       path = add_to_path(path, jarpath, false);
 419       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, jarpath);
 420     }
 421   }
 422   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, dbuf);
 423   os::closedir(dir);
 424   return path;
 425 }
 426 
 427 // Parses a memory size specification string.
 428 static bool atomll(const char *s, jlong* result) {
 429   jlong n = 0;
 430   int args_read = sscanf(s, os::jlong_format_specifier(), &n);
 431   if (args_read != 1) {
 432     return false;
 433   }
 434   while (*s != '\0' && isdigit(*s)) {
 435     s++;
 436   }
 437   // 4705540: illegal if more characters are found after the first non-digit
 438   if (strlen(s) > 1) {
 439     return false;
 440   }
 441   switch (*s) {
 442     case 'T': case 't':
 443       *result = n * G * K;
 444       return true;
 445     case 'G': case 'g':
 446       *result = n * G;
 447       return true;
 448     case 'M': case 'm':
 449       *result = n * M;
 450       return true;
 451     case 'K': case 'k':
 452       *result = n * K;
 453       return true;
 454     case '\0':
 455       *result = n;
 456       return true;
 457     default:
 458       return false;
 459   }
 460 }
 461 
 462 Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::check_memory_size(jlong size, jlong min_size) {
 463   if (size < min_size) return arg_too_small;
 464   // Check that size will fit in a size_t (only relevant on 32-bit)
 465   if ((julong) size > max_uintx) return arg_too_big;
 466   return arg_in_range;
 467 }
 468 
 469 // Describe an argument out of range error
 470 void Arguments::describe_range_error(ArgsRange errcode) {
 471   switch(errcode) {
 472   case arg_too_big:
 473     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 474                 "The specified size exceeds the maximum "
 475                 "representable size.\n");
 476     break;
 477   case arg_too_small:
 478   case arg_unreadable:
 479   case arg_in_range:
 480     // do nothing for now
 481     break;
 482   default:
 483     ShouldNotReachHere();
 484   }
 485 }
 486 
 487 static bool set_bool_flag(char* name, bool value, FlagValueOrigin origin) {
 488   return CommandLineFlags::boolAtPut(name, &value, origin);
 489 }
 490 
 491 
 492 static bool set_fp_numeric_flag(char* name, char* value, FlagValueOrigin origin) {
 493   double v;
 494   if (sscanf(value, "%lf", &v) != 1) {
 495     return false;
 496   }
 497 
 498   if (CommandLineFlags::doubleAtPut(name, &v, origin)) {
 499     return true;
 500   }
 501   return false;
 502 }
 503 
 504 
 505 static bool set_numeric_flag(char* name, char* value, FlagValueOrigin origin) {
 506   jlong v;
 507   intx intx_v;
 508   bool is_neg = false;
 509   // Check the sign first since atomll() parses only unsigned values.
 510   if (*value == '-') {
 511     if (!CommandLineFlags::intxAt(name, &intx_v)) {
 512       return false;
 513     }
 514     value++;
 515     is_neg = true;
 516   }
 517   if (!atomll(value, &v)) {
 518     return false;
 519   }
 520   intx_v = (intx) v;
 521   if (is_neg) {
 522     intx_v = -intx_v;
 523   }
 524   if (CommandLineFlags::intxAtPut(name, &intx_v, origin)) {
 525     return true;
 526   }
 527   uintx uintx_v = (uintx) v;
 528   if (!is_neg && CommandLineFlags::uintxAtPut(name, &uintx_v, origin)) {
 529     return true;
 530   }
 531   return false;
 532 }
 533 
 534 
 535 static bool set_string_flag(char* name, const char* value, FlagValueOrigin origin) {
 536   if (!CommandLineFlags::ccstrAtPut(name, &value, origin))  return false;
 537   // Contract:  CommandLineFlags always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
 538   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value);
 539   return true;
 540 }
 541 
 542 static bool append_to_string_flag(char* name, const char* new_value, FlagValueOrigin origin) {
 543   const char* old_value = "";
 544   if (!CommandLineFlags::ccstrAt(name, &old_value))  return false;
 545   size_t old_len = old_value != NULL ? strlen(old_value) : 0;
 546   size_t new_len = strlen(new_value);
 547   const char* value;
 548   char* free_this_too = NULL;
 549   if (old_len == 0) {
 550     value = new_value;
 551   } else if (new_len == 0) {
 552     value = old_value;
 553   } else {
 554     char* buf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, old_len + 1 + new_len + 1);
 555     // each new setting adds another LINE to the switch:
 556     sprintf(buf, "%s\n%s", old_value, new_value);
 557     value = buf;
 558     free_this_too = buf;
 559   }
 560   (void) CommandLineFlags::ccstrAtPut(name, &value, origin);
 561   // CommandLineFlags always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
 562   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value);
 563   if (free_this_too != NULL) {
 564     // CommandLineFlags made its own copy, so I must delete my own temp. buffer.
 565     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, free_this_too);
 566   }
 567   return true;
 568 }
 569 
 570 
 571 bool Arguments::parse_argument(const char* arg, FlagValueOrigin origin) {
 572 
 573   // range of acceptable characters spelled out for portability reasons
 574 #define NAME_RANGE  "[abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789_]"
 575 #define BUFLEN 255
 576   char name[BUFLEN+1];
 577   char dummy;
 578 
 579   if (sscanf(arg, "-%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &dummy) == 1) {
 580     return set_bool_flag(name, false, origin);
 581   }
 582   if (sscanf(arg, "+%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &dummy) == 1) {
 583     return set_bool_flag(name, true, origin);
 584   }
 585 
 586   char punct;
 587   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &punct) == 2 && punct == '=') {
 588     const char* value = strchr(arg, '=') + 1;
 589     Flag* flag = Flag::find_flag(name, strlen(name));
 590     if (flag != NULL && flag->is_ccstr()) {
 591       if (flag->ccstr_accumulates()) {
 592         return append_to_string_flag(name, value, origin);
 593       } else {
 594         if (value[0] == '\0') {
 595           value = NULL;
 596         }
 597         return set_string_flag(name, value, origin);
 598       }
 599     }
 600   }
 601 
 602   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE ":%c", name, &punct) == 2 && punct == '=') {
 603     const char* value = strchr(arg, '=') + 1;
 604     // -XX:Foo:=xxx will reset the string flag to the given value.
 605     if (value[0] == '\0') {
 606       value = NULL;
 607     }
 608     return set_string_flag(name, value, origin);
 609   }
 610 
 611 #define SIGNED_FP_NUMBER_RANGE "[-0123456789.]"
 612 #define SIGNED_NUMBER_RANGE    "[-0123456789]"
 613 #define        NUMBER_RANGE    "[0123456789]"
 614   char value[BUFLEN + 1];
 615   char value2[BUFLEN + 1];
 616   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) SIGNED_NUMBER_RANGE "." "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NUMBER_RANGE "%c", name, value, value2, &dummy) == 3) {
 617     // Looks like a floating-point number -- try again with more lenient format string
 618     if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) SIGNED_FP_NUMBER_RANGE "%c", name, value, &dummy) == 2) {
 619       return set_fp_numeric_flag(name, value, origin);
 620     }
 621   }
 622 
 623 #define VALUE_RANGE "[-kmgtKMGT0123456789]"
 624   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) VALUE_RANGE "%c", name, value, &dummy) == 2) {
 625     return set_numeric_flag(name, value, origin);
 626   }
 627 
 628   return false;
 629 }
 630 
 631 
 632 void Arguments::add_string(char*** bldarray, int* count, const char* arg) {
 633   assert(bldarray != NULL, "illegal argument");
 634 
 635   if (arg == NULL) {
 636     return;
 637   }
 638 
 639   int index = *count;
 640 
 641   // expand the array and add arg to the last element
 642   (*count)++;
 643   if (*bldarray == NULL) {
 644     *bldarray = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, *count);
 645   } else {
 646     *bldarray = REALLOC_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, *bldarray, *count);
 647   }
 648   (*bldarray)[index] = strdup(arg);
 649 }
 650 
 651 void Arguments::build_jvm_args(const char* arg) {
 652   add_string(&_jvm_args_array, &_num_jvm_args, arg);
 653 }
 654 
 655 void Arguments::build_jvm_flags(const char* arg) {
 656   add_string(&_jvm_flags_array, &_num_jvm_flags, arg);
 657 }
 658 
 659 // utility function to return a string that concatenates all
 660 // strings in a given char** array
 661 const char* Arguments::build_resource_string(char** args, int count) {
 662   if (args == NULL || count == 0) {
 663     return NULL;
 664   }
 665   size_t length = strlen(args[0]) + 1; // add 1 for the null terminator
 666   for (int i = 1; i < count; i++) {
 667     length += strlen(args[i]) + 1; // add 1 for a space
 668   }
 669   char* s = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, length);
 670   strcpy(s, args[0]);
 671   for (int j = 1; j < count; j++) {
 672     strcat(s, " ");
 673     strcat(s, args[j]);
 674   }
 675   return (const char*) s;
 676 }
 677 
 678 void Arguments::print_on(outputStream* st) {
 679   st->print_cr("VM Arguments:");
 680   if (num_jvm_flags() > 0) {
 681     st->print("jvm_flags: "); print_jvm_flags_on(st);
 682   }
 683   if (num_jvm_args() > 0) {
 684     st->print("jvm_args: "); print_jvm_args_on(st);
 685   }
 686   st->print_cr("java_command: %s", java_command() ? java_command() : "<unknown>");
 687   st->print_cr("Launcher Type: %s", _sun_java_launcher);
 688 }
 689 
 690 void Arguments::print_jvm_flags_on(outputStream* st) {
 691   if (_num_jvm_flags > 0) {
 692     for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_flags; i++) {
 693       st->print("%s ", _jvm_flags_array[i]);
 694     }
 695     st->print_cr("");
 696   }
 697 }
 698 
 699 void Arguments::print_jvm_args_on(outputStream* st) {
 700   if (_num_jvm_args > 0) {
 701     for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_args; i++) {
 702       st->print("%s ", _jvm_args_array[i]);
 703     }
 704     st->print_cr("");
 705   }
 706 }
 707 
 708 bool Arguments::process_argument(const char* arg, jboolean ignore_unrecognized, FlagValueOrigin origin) {
 709 
 710   if (parse_argument(arg, origin)) {
 711     // do nothing
 712   } else if (made_obsolete_in_1_5_0(arg)) {
 713     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 714       "Warning: The flag %s has been EOL'd as of 1.5.0 and will"
 715       " be ignored\n", arg);
 716   } else {
 717     if (!ignore_unrecognized) {
 718       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 719                   "Unrecognized VM option '%s'\n", arg);
 720       // allow for commandline "commenting out" options like -XX:#+Verbose
 721       if (strlen(arg) == 0 || arg[0] != '#') {
 722         return false;
 723       }
 724     }
 725   }
 726   return true;
 727 }
 728 
 729 
 730 bool Arguments::process_settings_file(const char* file_name, bool should_exist, jboolean ignore_unrecognized) {
 731   FILE* stream = fopen(file_name, "rb");
 732   if (stream == NULL) {
 733     if (should_exist) {
 734       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 735                   "Could not open settings file %s\n", file_name);
 736       return false;
 737     } else {
 738       return true;
 739     }
 740   }
 741 
 742   char token[1024];
 743   int  pos = 0;
 744 
 745   bool in_white_space = true;
 746   bool in_comment     = false;
 747   bool in_quote       = false;
 748   char quote_c        = 0;
 749   bool result         = true;
 750 
 751   int c = getc(stream);
 752   while(c != EOF) {
 753     if (in_white_space) {
 754       if (in_comment) {
 755         if (c == '\n') in_comment = false;
 756       } else {
 757         if (c == '#') in_comment = true;
 758         else if (!isspace(c)) {
 759           in_white_space = false;
 760           token[pos++] = c;
 761         }
 762       }
 763     } else {
 764       if (c == '\n' || (!in_quote && isspace(c))) {
 765         // token ends at newline, or at unquoted whitespace
 766         // this allows a way to include spaces in string-valued options
 767         token[pos] = '\0';
 768         logOption(token);
 769         result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, CONFIG_FILE);
 770         build_jvm_flags(token);
 771         pos = 0;
 772         in_white_space = true;
 773         in_quote = false;
 774       } else if (!in_quote && (c == '\'' || c == '"')) {
 775         in_quote = true;
 776         quote_c = c;
 777       } else if (in_quote && (c == quote_c)) {
 778         in_quote = false;
 779       } else {
 780         token[pos++] = c;
 781       }
 782     }
 783     c = getc(stream);
 784   }
 785   if (pos > 0) {
 786     token[pos] = '\0';
 787     result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, CONFIG_FILE);
 788     build_jvm_flags(token);
 789   }
 790   fclose(stream);
 791   return result;
 792 }
 793 
 794 //=============================================================================================================
 795 // Parsing of properties (-D)
 796 
 797 const char* Arguments::get_property(const char* key) {
 798   return PropertyList_get_value(system_properties(), key);
 799 }
 800 
 801 bool Arguments::add_property(const char* prop) {
 802   const char* eq = strchr(prop, '=');
 803   char* key;
 804   // ns must be static--its address may be stored in a SystemProperty object.
 805   const static char ns[1] = {0};
 806   char* value = (char *)ns;
 807 
 808   size_t key_len = (eq == NULL) ? strlen(prop) : (eq - prop);
 809   key = AllocateHeap(key_len + 1, "add_property");
 810   strncpy(key, prop, key_len);
 811   key[key_len] = '\0';
 812 
 813   if (eq != NULL) {
 814     size_t value_len = strlen(prop) - key_len - 1;
 815     value = AllocateHeap(value_len + 1, "add_property");
 816     strncpy(value, &prop[key_len + 1], value_len + 1);
 817   }
 818 
 819   if (strcmp(key, "java.compiler") == 0) {
 820     process_java_compiler_argument(value);
 821     FreeHeap(key);
 822     if (eq != NULL) {
 823       FreeHeap(value);
 824     }
 825     return true;
 826   }
 827   else if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.command") == 0) {
 828 
 829     _java_command = value;
 830 
 831     // don't add this property to the properties exposed to the java application
 832     FreeHeap(key);
 833     return true;
 834   }
 835   else if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.launcher.pid") == 0) {
 836     // launcher.pid property is private and is processed
 837     // in process_sun_java_launcher_properties();
 838     // the sun.java.launcher property is passed on to the java application
 839     FreeHeap(key);
 840     if (eq != NULL) {
 841       FreeHeap(value);
 842     }
 843     return true;
 844   }
 845   else if (strcmp(key, "java.vendor.url.bug") == 0) {
 846     // save it in _java_vendor_url_bug, so JVM fatal error handler can access
 847     // its value without going through the property list or making a Java call.
 848     _java_vendor_url_bug = value;
 849   }
 850 
 851   // Create new property and add at the end of the list
 852   PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, key, value);
 853   return true;
 854 }
 855 
 856 //===========================================================================================================
 857 // Setting int/mixed/comp mode flags
 858 
 859 void Arguments::set_mode_flags(Mode mode) {
 860   // Set up default values for all flags.
 861   // If you add a flag to any of the branches below,
 862   // add a default value for it here.
 863   set_java_compiler(false);
 864   _mode                      = mode;
 865 
 866   // Ensure Agent_OnLoad has the correct initial values.
 867   // This may not be the final mode; mode may change later in onload phase.
 868   PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, "java.vm.info",
 869      (char*)Abstract_VM_Version::vm_info_string());
 870 
 871   UseInterpreter             = true;
 872   UseCompiler                = true;
 873   UseLoopCounter             = true;
 874 
 875   // Default values may be platform/compiler dependent -
 876   // use the saved values
 877   ClipInlining               = Arguments::_ClipInlining;
 878   AlwaysCompileLoopMethods   = Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
 879   UseOnStackReplacement      = Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement;
 880   BackgroundCompilation      = Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation;
 881   Tier2CompileThreshold      = Arguments::_Tier2CompileThreshold;
 882 
 883   // Change from defaults based on mode
 884   switch (mode) {
 885   default:
 886     ShouldNotReachHere();
 887     break;
 888   case _int:
 889     UseCompiler              = false;
 890     UseLoopCounter           = false;
 891     AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = false;
 892     UseOnStackReplacement    = false;
 893     break;
 894   case _mixed:
 895     // same as default
 896     break;
 897   case _comp:
 898     UseInterpreter           = false;
 899     BackgroundCompilation    = false;
 900     ClipInlining             = false;
 901     break;
 902   }
 903 }
 904 
 905 
 906 // Conflict: required to use shared spaces (-Xshare:on), but
 907 // incompatible command line options were chosen.
 908 
 909 static void no_shared_spaces() {
 910   if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
 911     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 912       "Class data sharing is inconsistent with other specified options.\n");
 913     vm_exit_during_initialization("Unable to use shared archive.", NULL);
 914   } else {
 915     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces, false);
 916   }
 917 }
 918 
 919 
 920 // If the user has chosen ParallelGCThreads > 0, we set UseParNewGC
 921 // if it's not explictly set or unset. If the user has chosen
 922 // UseParNewGC and not explicitly set ParallelGCThreads we
 923 // set it, unless this is a single cpu machine.
 924 void Arguments::set_parnew_gc_flags() {
 925   assert(!UseSerialGC && !UseParallelGC, "control point invariant");
 926 
 927   // Turn off AdaptiveSizePolicy by default for parnew until it is
 928   // complete.
 929   if (UseParNewGC &&
 930       FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseAdaptiveSizePolicy)) {
 931     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseAdaptiveSizePolicy, false);
 932   }
 933 
 934   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseParNewGC) && ParallelGCThreads > 1) {
 935     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseParNewGC, true);
 936   } else if (UseParNewGC && ParallelGCThreads == 0) {
 937     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads,
 938                      Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
 939     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads) && ParallelGCThreads == 1) {
 940       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseParNewGC, false);
 941     }
 942   }
 943   if (!UseParNewGC) {
 944     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads, 0);
 945   } else {
 946     no_shared_spaces();
 947 
 948     // By default YoungPLABSize and OldPLABSize are set to 4096 and 1024 correspondinly,
 949     // these settings are default for Parallel Scavenger. For ParNew+Tenured configuration
 950     // we set them to 1024 and 1024.
 951     // See CR 6362902.
 952     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(YoungPLABSize)) {
 953       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(YoungPLABSize, (intx)1024);
 954     }
 955     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize)) {
 956       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize, (intx)1024);
 957     }
 958 
 959     // AlwaysTenure flag should make ParNew to promote all at first collection.
 960     // See CR 6362902.
 961     if (AlwaysTenure) {
 962       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, MaxTenuringThreshold, 0);
 963     }
 964   }
 965 }
 966 
 967 // Adjust some sizes to suit CMS and/or ParNew needs; these work well on
 968 // sparc/solaris for certain applications, but would gain from
 969 // further optimization and tuning efforts, and would almost
 970 // certainly gain from analysis of platform and environment.
 971 void Arguments::set_cms_and_parnew_gc_flags() {
 972   if (UseSerialGC || UseParallelGC) {
 973     return;
 974   }
 975 
 976   assert(UseConcMarkSweepGC, "CMS is expected to be on here");
 977 
 978   // If we are using CMS, we prefer to UseParNewGC,
 979   // unless explicitly forbidden.
 980   if (!UseParNewGC && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseParNewGC)) {
 981     FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseParNewGC, true);
 982   }
 983 
 984   // Turn off AdaptiveSizePolicy by default for cms until it is
 985   // complete.
 986   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseAdaptiveSizePolicy)) {
 987     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseAdaptiveSizePolicy, false);
 988   }
 989 
 990   // In either case, adjust ParallelGCThreads and/or UseParNewGC
 991   // as needed.
 992   if (UseParNewGC) {
 993     set_parnew_gc_flags();
 994   }
 995 
 996   // Now make adjustments for CMS
 997   size_t young_gen_per_worker;
 998   intx new_ratio;
 999   size_t min_new_default;
1000   intx tenuring_default;
1001   if (CMSUseOldDefaults) {  // old defaults: "old" as of 6.0
1002     if FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CMSYoungGenPerWorker) {
1003       FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, CMSYoungGenPerWorker, 4*M);
1004     }
1005     young_gen_per_worker = 4*M;
1006     new_ratio = (intx)15;
1007     min_new_default = 4*M;
1008     tenuring_default = (intx)0;
1009   } else { // new defaults: "new" as of 6.0
1010     young_gen_per_worker = CMSYoungGenPerWorker;
1011     new_ratio = (intx)7;
1012     min_new_default = 16*M;
1013     tenuring_default = (intx)4;
1014   }
1015 
1016   // Preferred young gen size for "short" pauses
1017   const uintx parallel_gc_threads =
1018     (ParallelGCThreads == 0 ? 1 : ParallelGCThreads);
1019   const size_t preferred_max_new_size_unaligned =
1020     ScaleForWordSize(young_gen_per_worker * parallel_gc_threads);
1021   const size_t preferred_max_new_size =
1022     align_size_up(preferred_max_new_size_unaligned, os::vm_page_size());
1023 
1024   // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, size young gen
1025   // for "short" pauses ~ 4M*ParallelGCThreads
1026   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxNewSize)) {  // MaxNewSize not set at command-line
1027     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {   // NewSize explicitly set at command-line
1028       FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MaxNewSize, MAX2(NewSize, preferred_max_new_size));
1029     } else {
1030       FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MaxNewSize, preferred_max_new_size);
1031     }
1032     if(PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1033       // Too early to use gclog_or_tty
1034       tty->print_cr("Ergo set MaxNewSize: " SIZE_FORMAT, MaxNewSize);
1035   }
1036   }
1037   // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, prefer a large
1038   // Old to Young gen size so as to shift the collection load
1039   // to the old generation concurrent collector
1040   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewRatio)) {
1041     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, NewRatio, MAX2(NewRatio, new_ratio));
1042 
1043     size_t min_new  = align_size_up(ScaleForWordSize(min_new_default), os::vm_page_size());
1044     size_t prev_initial_size = initial_heap_size();
1045     if (prev_initial_size != 0 && prev_initial_size < min_new+OldSize) {
1046       set_initial_heap_size(min_new+OldSize);
1047       // Currently minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
1048       set_min_heap_size(initial_heap_size());
1049       if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1050         warning("Initial heap size increased to " SIZE_FORMAT " M from "
1051                 SIZE_FORMAT " M; use -XX:NewSize=... for finer control.",
1052                 initial_heap_size()/M, prev_initial_size/M);
1053       }
1054     }
1055     // MaxHeapSize is aligned down in collectorPolicy
1056     size_t max_heap = align_size_down(MaxHeapSize,
1057                                       CardTableRS::ct_max_alignment_constraint());
1058 
1059     if(PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1060       // Too early to use gclog_or_tty
1061       tty->print_cr("CMS set min_heap_size: " SIZE_FORMAT
1062            " initial_heap_size:  " SIZE_FORMAT
1063            " max_heap: " SIZE_FORMAT,
1064            min_heap_size(), initial_heap_size(), max_heap);
1065     }
1066     if (max_heap > min_new) {
1067       // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, make young gen
1068       // at least min_new, and at most preferred_max_new_size.
1069       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {
1070         FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, NewSize, MAX2(NewSize, min_new));
1071         FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, NewSize, MIN2(preferred_max_new_size, NewSize));
1072         if(PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1073           // Too early to use gclog_or_tty
1074           tty->print_cr("Ergo set NewSize: " SIZE_FORMAT, NewSize);
1075         }
1076       }
1077       // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, size old gen
1078       // so that it's at least 3X of NewSize to begin with;
1079       // later NewRatio will decide how it grows; see above.
1080       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldSize)) {
1081         if (max_heap > NewSize) {
1082           FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, OldSize, MIN2(3*NewSize,  max_heap - NewSize));
1083           if(PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1084             // Too early to use gclog_or_tty
1085             tty->print_cr("Ergo set OldSize: " SIZE_FORMAT, OldSize);
1086           }
1087         }
1088       }
1089     }
1090   }
1091   // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, definitely
1092   // promote all objects surviving "tenuring_default" scavenges.
1093   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxTenuringThreshold) &&
1094       FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SurvivorRatio)) {
1095     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, MaxTenuringThreshold, tenuring_default);
1096   }
1097   // If we decided above (or user explicitly requested)
1098   // `promote all' (via MaxTenuringThreshold := 0),
1099   // prefer minuscule survivor spaces so as not to waste
1100   // space for (non-existent) survivors
1101   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SurvivorRatio) && MaxTenuringThreshold == 0) {
1102     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, SurvivorRatio, MAX2((intx)1024, SurvivorRatio));
1103   }
1104   // If OldPLABSize is set and CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim is not,
1105   // set CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim equal to OldPLABSize.
1106   // This is done in order to make ParNew+CMS configuration to work
1107   // with YoungPLABSize and OldPLABSize options.
1108   // See CR 6362902.
1109   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize)) {
1110     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim)) {
1111       // OldPLABSize is not the default value but CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim
1112       // is.  In this situtation let CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim follow
1113       // the value (either from the command line or ergonomics) of
1114       // OldPLABSize.  Following OldPLABSize is an ergonomics decision.
1115       FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim, OldPLABSize);
1116     }
1117     else {
1118       // OldPLABSize and CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim are both set.
1119       // CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim is a collector-specific flag, so
1120       // we'll let it to take precedence.
1121       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1122                   "Both OldPLABSize and CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim options are specified "
1123                   "for the CMS collector. CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim will take precedence.\n");
1124     }
1125   }
1126 }
1127 
1128 inline uintx max_heap_for_compressed_oops() {
1129   LP64_ONLY(return oopDesc::OopEncodingHeapMax - MaxPermSize - os::vm_page_size());
1130   NOT_LP64(return DefaultMaxRAM);
1131 }
1132 
1133 bool Arguments::should_auto_select_low_pause_collector() {
1134   if (UseAutoGCSelectPolicy &&
1135       !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxGCPauseMillis) &&
1136       (MaxGCPauseMillis <= AutoGCSelectPauseMillis)) {
1137     if (PrintGCDetails) {
1138       // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
1139       tty->print_cr("Automatic selection of the low pause collector"
1140        " based on pause goal of %d (ms)", MaxGCPauseMillis);
1141     }
1142     return true;
1143   }
1144   return false;
1145 }
1146 
1147 void Arguments::set_ergonomics_flags() {
1148   // Parallel GC is not compatible with sharing. If one specifies
1149   // that they want sharing explicitly, do not set ergonmics flags.
1150   if (DumpSharedSpaces || ForceSharedSpaces) {
1151     return;
1152   }
1153 
1154   if (os::is_server_class_machine() && !force_client_mode ) {
1155     // If no other collector is requested explicitly,
1156     // let the VM select the collector based on
1157     // machine class and automatic selection policy.
1158     if (!UseSerialGC &&
1159         !UseConcMarkSweepGC &&
1160         !UseParNewGC &&
1161         !DumpSharedSpaces &&
1162         FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseParallelGC)) {
1163       if (should_auto_select_low_pause_collector()) {
1164         FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, true);
1165       } else {
1166         FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseParallelGC, true);
1167       }
1168       no_shared_spaces();
1169     }
1170   }
1171 
1172 #ifdef _LP64
1173   // Compressed Headers do not work with CMS, which uses a bit in the klass
1174   // field offset to determine free list chunk markers.
1175   // Check that UseCompressedOops can be set with the max heap size allocated
1176   // by ergonomics.
1177   if (MaxHeapSize <= max_heap_for_compressed_oops()) {
1178     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops)) {
1179       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseCompressedOops, true);
1180     }
1181   } else {
1182     if (UseCompressedOops && !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops)) {
1183       // If specified, give a warning
1184       if (UseConcMarkSweepGC){
1185         warning("Compressed Oops does not work with CMS");
1186       } else {
1187         warning(
1188           "Max heap size too large for Compressed Oops");
1189       }
1190       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops, false);
1191     }
1192   }
1193   // Also checks that certain machines are slower with compressed oops
1194   // in vm_version initialization code.
1195 #endif // _LP64
1196 }
1197 
1198 void Arguments::set_parallel_gc_flags() {
1199   // If parallel old was requested, automatically enable parallel scavenge.
1200   if (UseParallelOldGC && !UseParallelGC && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseParallelGC)) {
1201     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseParallelGC, true);
1202   }
1203 
1204   // If no heap maximum was requested explicitly, use some reasonable fraction
1205   // of the physical memory, up to a maximum of 1GB.
1206   if (UseParallelGC) {
1207     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, ParallelGCThreads,
1208                   Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
1209 
1210     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
1211       const uint64_t reasonable_fraction =
1212         os::physical_memory() / DefaultMaxRAMFraction;
1213       const uint64_t maximum_size = (uint64_t)
1214                  (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DefaultMaxRAM) && UseCompressedOops ?
1215                      MIN2(max_heap_for_compressed_oops(), DefaultMaxRAM) :
1216                      DefaultMaxRAM);
1217       size_t reasonable_max =
1218         (size_t) os::allocatable_physical_memory(reasonable_fraction);
1219       if (reasonable_max > maximum_size) {
1220         reasonable_max = maximum_size;
1221       }
1222       if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1223         // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
1224         tty->print_cr("  Max heap size for server class platform "
1225                       SIZE_FORMAT, reasonable_max);
1226       }
1227       // If the initial_heap_size has not been set with -Xms,
1228       // then set it as fraction of size of physical memory
1229       // respecting the maximum and minimum sizes of the heap.
1230       if (initial_heap_size() == 0) {
1231         const uint64_t reasonable_initial_fraction =
1232           os::physical_memory() / DefaultInitialRAMFraction;
1233         const size_t reasonable_initial =
1234           (size_t) os::allocatable_physical_memory(reasonable_initial_fraction);
1235         const size_t minimum_size = NewSize + OldSize;
1236         set_initial_heap_size(MAX2(MIN2(reasonable_initial, reasonable_max),
1237                                   minimum_size));
1238         // Currently the minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
1239         set_min_heap_size(initial_heap_size());
1240         if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1241           // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
1242           tty->print_cr("  Initial heap size for server class platform "
1243                         SIZE_FORMAT, initial_heap_size());
1244         }
1245       } else {
1246         // An minimum size was specified on the command line.  Be sure
1247         // that the maximum size is consistent.
1248         if (initial_heap_size() > reasonable_max) {
1249           reasonable_max = initial_heap_size();
1250         }
1251       }
1252       FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MaxHeapSize, (uintx) reasonable_max);
1253     }
1254 
1255     // If InitialSurvivorRatio or MinSurvivorRatio were not specified, but the
1256     // SurvivorRatio has been set, reset their default values to SurvivorRatio +
1257     // 2.  By doing this we make SurvivorRatio also work for Parallel Scavenger.
1258     // See CR 6362902 for details.
1259     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SurvivorRatio)) {
1260       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialSurvivorRatio)) {
1261          FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(InitialSurvivorRatio, SurvivorRatio + 2);
1262       }
1263       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinSurvivorRatio)) {
1264         FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MinSurvivorRatio, SurvivorRatio + 2);
1265       }
1266     }
1267 
1268     if (UseParallelOldGC) {
1269       // Par compact uses lower default values since they are treated as
1270       // minimums.  These are different defaults because of the different
1271       // interpretation and are not ergonomically set.
1272       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MarkSweepDeadRatio)) {
1273         FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MarkSweepDeadRatio, 1);
1274       }
1275       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(PermMarkSweepDeadRatio)) {
1276         FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(PermMarkSweepDeadRatio, 5);
1277       }
1278     }
1279   }
1280 }
1281 
1282 // This must be called after ergonomics because we want bytecode rewriting
1283 // if the server compiler is used, or if UseSharedSpaces is disabled.
1284 void Arguments::set_bytecode_flags() {
1285   // Better not attempt to store into a read-only space.
1286   if (UseSharedSpaces) {
1287     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(RewriteBytecodes, false);
1288     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(RewriteFrequentPairs, false);
1289   }
1290 
1291   if (!RewriteBytecodes) {
1292     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(RewriteFrequentPairs, false);
1293   }
1294 }
1295 
1296 // Aggressive optimization flags  -XX:+AggressiveOpts
1297 void Arguments::set_aggressive_opts_flags() {
1298 #ifdef COMPILER2
1299   if (AggressiveOpts || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax)) {
1300     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox)) {
1301       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox, true);
1302     }
1303     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax)) {
1304       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax, 20000);
1305     }
1306 
1307     // Feed the cache size setting into the JDK
1308     char buffer[1024];
1309     sprintf(buffer, "java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high=%d", AutoBoxCacheMax);
1310     add_property(buffer);
1311   }
1312   if (AggressiveOpts && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DoEscapeAnalysis)) {
1313     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(DoEscapeAnalysis, true);
1314   }
1315 #endif
1316 
1317   if (AggressiveOpts) {
1318 // Sample flag setting code
1319 //    if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateZeroing)) {
1320 //      FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateZeroing, true);
1321 //    }
1322   }
1323 }
1324 
1325 //===========================================================================================================
1326 // Parsing of java.compiler property
1327 
1328 void Arguments::process_java_compiler_argument(char* arg) {
1329   // For backwards compatibility, Djava.compiler=NONE or ""
1330   // causes us to switch to -Xint mode UNLESS -Xdebug
1331   // is also specified.
1332   if (strlen(arg) == 0 || strcasecmp(arg, "NONE") == 0) {
1333     set_java_compiler(true);    // "-Djava.compiler[=...]" most recently seen.
1334   }
1335 }
1336 
1337 void Arguments::process_java_launcher_argument(const char* launcher, void* extra_info) {
1338   _sun_java_launcher = strdup(launcher);
1339 }
1340 
1341 bool Arguments::created_by_java_launcher() {
1342   assert(_sun_java_launcher != NULL, "property must have value");
1343   return strcmp(DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER, _sun_java_launcher) != 0;
1344 }
1345 
1346 //===========================================================================================================
1347 // Parsing of main arguments
1348 
1349 bool Arguments::verify_percentage(uintx value, const char* name) {
1350   if (value <= 100) {
1351     return true;
1352   }
1353   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1354               "%s of " UINTX_FORMAT " is invalid; must be between 0 and 100\n",
1355               name, value);
1356   return false;
1357 }
1358 
1359 static void set_serial_gc_flags() {
1360   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSerialGC, true);
1361   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseParNewGC, false);
1362   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseConcMarkSweepGC, false);
1363   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseParallelGC, false);
1364   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseParallelOldGC, false);
1365 }
1366 
1367 static bool verify_serial_gc_flags() {
1368   return (UseSerialGC &&
1369         !(UseParNewGC || UseConcMarkSweepGC || UseParallelGC ||
1370           UseParallelOldGC));
1371 }
1372 
1373 // Check consistency of GC selection
1374 bool Arguments::check_gc_consistency() {
1375   bool status = true;
1376   // Ensure that the user has not selected conflicting sets
1377   // of collectors. [Note: this check is merely a user convenience;
1378   // collectors over-ride each other so that only a non-conflicting
1379   // set is selected; however what the user gets is not what they
1380   // may have expected from the combination they asked for. It's
1381   // better to reduce user confusion by not allowing them to
1382   // select conflicting combinations.
1383   uint i = 0;
1384   if (UseSerialGC)                       i++;
1385   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC || UseParNewGC) i++;
1386   if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) i++;
1387   if (i > 1) {
1388     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1389                 "Conflicting collector combinations in option list; "
1390                 "please refer to the release notes for the combinations "
1391                 "allowed\n");
1392     status = false;
1393   }
1394 
1395   return status;
1396 }
1397 
1398 // Check the consistency of vm_init_args
1399 bool Arguments::check_vm_args_consistency() {
1400   // Method for adding checks for flag consistency.
1401   // The intent is to warn the user of all possible conflicts,
1402   // before returning an error.
1403   // Note: Needs platform-dependent factoring.
1404   bool status = true;
1405 
1406 #if ( (defined(COMPILER2) && defined(SPARC)))
1407   // NOTE: The call to VM_Version_init depends on the fact that VM_Version_init
1408   // on sparc doesn't require generation of a stub as is the case on, e.g.,
1409   // x86.  Normally, VM_Version_init must be called from init_globals in
1410   // init.cpp, which is called by the initial java thread *after* arguments
1411   // have been parsed.  VM_Version_init gets called twice on sparc.
1412   extern void VM_Version_init();
1413   VM_Version_init();
1414   if (!VM_Version::has_v9()) {
1415     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1416                 "V8 Machine detected, Server requires V9\n");
1417     status = false;
1418   }
1419 #endif /* COMPILER2 && SPARC */
1420 
1421   // Allow both -XX:-UseStackBanging and -XX:-UseBoundThreads in non-product
1422   // builds so the cost of stack banging can be measured.
1423 #if (defined(PRODUCT) && defined(SOLARIS))
1424   if (!UseBoundThreads && !UseStackBanging) {
1425     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1426                 "-UseStackBanging conflicts with -UseBoundThreads\n");
1427 
1428      status = false;
1429   }
1430 #endif
1431 
1432   if (TLABRefillWasteFraction == 0) {
1433     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1434                 "TLABRefillWasteFraction should be a denominator, "
1435                 "not " SIZE_FORMAT "\n",
1436                 TLABRefillWasteFraction);
1437     status = false;
1438   }
1439 
1440   status = status && verify_percentage(MaxLiveObjectEvacuationRatio,
1441                               "MaxLiveObjectEvacuationRatio");
1442   status = status && verify_percentage(AdaptiveSizePolicyWeight,
1443                               "AdaptiveSizePolicyWeight");
1444   status = status && verify_percentage(AdaptivePermSizeWeight, "AdaptivePermSizeWeight");
1445   status = status && verify_percentage(ThresholdTolerance, "ThresholdTolerance");
1446   status = status && verify_percentage(MinHeapFreeRatio, "MinHeapFreeRatio");
1447   status = status && verify_percentage(MaxHeapFreeRatio, "MaxHeapFreeRatio");
1448 
1449   if (MinHeapFreeRatio > MaxHeapFreeRatio) {
1450     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1451                 "MinHeapFreeRatio (" UINTX_FORMAT ") must be less than or "
1452                 "equal to MaxHeapFreeRatio (" UINTX_FORMAT ")\n",
1453                 MinHeapFreeRatio, MaxHeapFreeRatio);
1454     status = false;
1455   }
1456   // Keeping the heap 100% free is hard ;-) so limit it to 99%.
1457   MinHeapFreeRatio = MIN2(MinHeapFreeRatio, (uintx) 99);
1458 
1459   if (FullGCALot && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount)) {
1460     MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount = 1;  // Move objects every gc.
1461   }
1462 
1463   status = status && verify_percentage(GCHeapFreeLimit, "GCHeapFreeLimit");
1464   status = status && verify_percentage(GCTimeLimit, "GCTimeLimit");
1465   if (GCTimeLimit == 100) {
1466     // Turn off gc-overhead-limit-exceeded checks
1467     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseGCOverheadLimit, false);
1468   }
1469 
1470   status = status && verify_percentage(GCHeapFreeLimit, "GCHeapFreeLimit");
1471 
1472   // Check user specified sharing option conflict with Parallel GC
1473   bool cannot_share = (UseConcMarkSweepGC || UseParallelGC ||
1474                        UseParallelOldGC || UseParNewGC ||
1475                        SOLARIS_ONLY(UseISM) NOT_SOLARIS(UseLargePages));
1476 
1477   if (cannot_share) {
1478     // Either force sharing on by forcing the other options off, or
1479     // force sharing off.
1480     if (DumpSharedSpaces || ForceSharedSpaces) {
1481       set_serial_gc_flags();
1482       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(SOLARIS_ONLY(UseISM) NOT_SOLARIS(UseLargePages), false);
1483     } else {
1484       no_shared_spaces();
1485     }
1486   }
1487 
1488   status = status && check_gc_consistency();
1489 
1490   if (_has_alloc_profile) {
1491     if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) {
1492       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1493                   "error:  invalid argument combination.\n"
1494                   "Allocation profiling (-Xaprof) cannot be used together with "
1495                   "Parallel GC (-XX:+UseParallelGC or -XX:+UseParallelOldGC).\n");
1496       status = false;
1497     }
1498     if (UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
1499       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1500                   "error:  invalid argument combination.\n"
1501                   "Allocation profiling (-Xaprof) cannot be used together with "
1502                   "the CMS collector (-XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC).\n");
1503       status = false;
1504     }
1505   }
1506 
1507   if (CMSIncrementalMode) {
1508     if (!UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
1509       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1510                   "error:  invalid argument combination.\n"
1511                   "The CMS collector (-XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC) must be "
1512                   "selected in order\nto use CMSIncrementalMode.\n");
1513       status = false;
1514     } else if (!UseTLAB) {
1515       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1516                   "error:  CMSIncrementalMode requires thread-local "
1517                   "allocation buffers\n(-XX:+UseTLAB).\n");
1518       status = false;
1519     } else {
1520       status = status && verify_percentage(CMSIncrementalDutyCycle,
1521                                   "CMSIncrementalDutyCycle");
1522       status = status && verify_percentage(CMSIncrementalDutyCycleMin,
1523                                   "CMSIncrementalDutyCycleMin");
1524       status = status && verify_percentage(CMSIncrementalSafetyFactor,
1525                                   "CMSIncrementalSafetyFactor");
1526       status = status && verify_percentage(CMSIncrementalOffset,
1527                                   "CMSIncrementalOffset");
1528       status = status && verify_percentage(CMSExpAvgFactor,
1529                                   "CMSExpAvgFactor");
1530       // If it was not set on the command line, set
1531       // CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction to 1 so icms can initiate cycles early.
1532       if (CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction < 0) {
1533         FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction, 1);
1534       }
1535     }
1536   }
1537 
1538   if (UseNUMA && !UseTLAB) {
1539     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1540                 "error:  NUMA allocator (-XX:+UseNUMA) requires thread-local "
1541                 "allocation\nbuffers (-XX:+UseTLAB).\n");
1542     status = false;
1543   }
1544 
1545   // CMS space iteration, which FLSVerifyAllHeapreferences entails,
1546   // insists that we hold the requisite locks so that the iteration is
1547   // MT-safe. For the verification at start-up and shut-down, we don't
1548   // yet have a good way of acquiring and releasing these locks,
1549   // which are not visible at the CollectedHeap level. We want to
1550   // be able to acquire these locks and then do the iteration rather
1551   // than just disable the lock verification. This will be fixed under
1552   // bug 4788986.
1553   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC && FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences) {
1554     if (VerifyGCStartAt == 0) {
1555       warning("Heap verification at start-up disabled "
1556               "(due to current incompatibility with FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences)");
1557       VerifyGCStartAt = 1;      // Disable verification at start-up
1558     }
1559     if (VerifyBeforeExit) {
1560       warning("Heap verification at shutdown disabled "
1561               "(due to current incompatibility with FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences)");
1562       VerifyBeforeExit = false; // Disable verification at shutdown
1563     }
1564   }
1565 
1566   // Note: only executed in non-PRODUCT mode
1567   if (!UseAsyncConcMarkSweepGC &&
1568       (ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrent ||
1569        ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrentAndUnloadsClasses)) {
1570     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1571                 "error: +ExplictGCInvokesConcurrent[AndUnloadsClasses] conflicts"
1572                 " with -UseAsyncConcMarkSweepGC");
1573     status = false;
1574   }
1575 
1576   return status;
1577 }
1578 
1579 bool Arguments::is_bad_option(const JavaVMOption* option, jboolean ignore,
1580   const char* option_type) {
1581   if (ignore) return false;
1582 
1583   const char* spacer = " ";
1584   if (option_type == NULL) {
1585     option_type = ++spacer; // Set both to the empty string.
1586   }
1587 
1588   if (os::obsolete_option(option)) {
1589     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1590                 "Obsolete %s%soption: %s\n", option_type, spacer,
1591       option->optionString);
1592     return false;
1593   } else {
1594     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1595                 "Unrecognized %s%soption: %s\n", option_type, spacer,
1596       option->optionString);
1597     return true;
1598   }
1599 }
1600 
1601 static const char* user_assertion_options[] = {
1602   "-da", "-ea", "-disableassertions", "-enableassertions", 0
1603 };
1604 
1605 static const char* system_assertion_options[] = {
1606   "-dsa", "-esa", "-disablesystemassertions", "-enablesystemassertions", 0
1607 };
1608 
1609 // Return true if any of the strings in null-terminated array 'names' matches.
1610 // If tail_allowed is true, then the tail must begin with a colon; otherwise,
1611 // the option must match exactly.
1612 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption* option, const char** names, const char** tail,
1613   bool tail_allowed) {
1614   for (/* empty */; *names != NULL; ++names) {
1615     if (match_option(option, *names, tail)) {
1616       if (**tail == '\0' || tail_allowed && **tail == ':') {
1617         return true;
1618       }
1619     }
1620   }
1621   return false;
1622 }
1623 
1624 Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::parse_memory_size(const char* s,
1625                                                   jlong* long_arg,
1626                                                   jlong min_size) {
1627   if (!atomll(s, long_arg)) return arg_unreadable;
1628   return check_memory_size(*long_arg, min_size);
1629 }
1630 
1631 // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure
1632 
1633 jint Arguments::parse_vm_init_args(const JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
1634   // For components of the system classpath.
1635   SysClassPath scp(Arguments::get_sysclasspath());
1636   bool scp_assembly_required = false;
1637 
1638   // Save default settings for some mode flags
1639   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
1640   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement    = UseOnStackReplacement;
1641   Arguments::_ClipInlining             = ClipInlining;
1642   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation    = BackgroundCompilation;
1643   Arguments::_Tier2CompileThreshold    = Tier2CompileThreshold;
1644 
1645   // Parse JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS environment variable (if present)
1646   jint result = parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(&scp, &scp_assembly_required);
1647   if (result != JNI_OK) {
1648     return result;
1649   }
1650 
1651   // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure passed in
1652   result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(args, &scp, &scp_assembly_required, COMMAND_LINE);
1653   if (result != JNI_OK) {
1654     return result;
1655   }
1656 
1657   // Parse _JAVA_OPTIONS environment variable (if present) (mimics classic VM)
1658   result = parse_java_options_environment_variable(&scp, &scp_assembly_required);
1659   if (result != JNI_OK) {
1660     return result;
1661   }
1662 
1663   // Do final processing now that all arguments have been parsed
1664   result = finalize_vm_init_args(&scp, scp_assembly_required);
1665   if (result != JNI_OK) {
1666     return result;
1667   }
1668 
1669   return JNI_OK;
1670 }
1671 
1672 
1673 jint Arguments::parse_each_vm_init_arg(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
1674                                        SysClassPath* scp_p,
1675                                        bool* scp_assembly_required_p,
1676                                        FlagValueOrigin origin) {
1677   // Remaining part of option string
1678   const char* tail;
1679 
1680   // iterate over arguments
1681   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
1682     bool is_absolute_path = false;  // for -agentpath vs -agentlib
1683 
1684     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
1685 
1686     if (!match_option(option, "-Djava.class.path", &tail) &&
1687         !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.command", &tail) &&
1688         !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher", &tail)) {
1689 
1690         // add all jvm options to the jvm_args string. This string
1691         // is used later to set the java.vm.args PerfData string constant.
1692         // the -Djava.class.path and the -Dsun.java.command options are
1693         // omitted from jvm_args string as each have their own PerfData
1694         // string constant object.
1695         build_jvm_args(option->optionString);
1696     }
1697 
1698     // -verbose:[class/gc/jni]
1699     if (match_option(option, "-verbose", &tail)) {
1700       if (!strcmp(tail, ":class") || !strcmp(tail, "")) {
1701         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, TraceClassLoading, true);
1702         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, TraceClassUnloading, true);
1703       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":gc")) {
1704         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintGC, true);
1705         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, TraceClassUnloading, true);
1706       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
1707         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintJNIResolving, true);
1708       }
1709     // -da / -ea / -disableassertions / -enableassertions
1710     // These accept an optional class/package name separated by a colon, e.g.,
1711     // -da:java.lang.Thread.
1712     } else if (match_option(option, user_assertion_options, &tail, true)) {
1713       bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
1714       if (*tail == '\0') {
1715         JavaAssertions::setUserClassDefault(enable);
1716       } else {
1717         assert(*tail == ':', "bogus match by match_option()");
1718         JavaAssertions::addOption(tail + 1, enable);
1719       }
1720     // -dsa / -esa / -disablesystemassertions / -enablesystemassertions
1721     } else if (match_option(option, system_assertion_options, &tail, false)) {
1722       bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
1723       JavaAssertions::setSystemClassDefault(enable);
1724     // -bootclasspath:
1725     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath:", &tail)) {
1726       scp_p->reset_path(tail);
1727       *scp_assembly_required_p = true;
1728     // -bootclasspath/a:
1729     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/a:", &tail)) {
1730       scp_p->add_suffix(tail);
1731       *scp_assembly_required_p = true;
1732     // -bootclasspath/p:
1733     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/p:", &tail)) {
1734       scp_p->add_prefix(tail);
1735       *scp_assembly_required_p = true;
1736     // -Xrun
1737     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrun", &tail)) {
1738       if(tail != NULL) {
1739         const char* pos = strchr(tail, ':');
1740         size_t len = (pos == NULL) ? strlen(tail) : pos - tail;
1741         char* name = (char*)memcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1), tail, len);
1742         name[len] = '\0';
1743 
1744         char *options = NULL;
1745         if(pos != NULL) {
1746           size_t len2 = strlen(pos+1) + 1; // options start after ':'.  Final zero must be copied.
1747           options = (char*)memcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len2), pos+1, len2);
1748         }
1749 #ifdef JVMTI_KERNEL
1750         if ((strcmp(name, "hprof") == 0) || (strcmp(name, "jdwp") == 0)) {
1751           warning("profiling and debugging agents are not supported with Kernel VM");
1752         } else
1753 #endif // JVMTI_KERNEL
1754         add_init_library(name, options);
1755       }
1756     // -agentlib and -agentpath
1757     } else if (match_option(option, "-agentlib:", &tail) ||
1758           (is_absolute_path = match_option(option, "-agentpath:", &tail))) {
1759       if(tail != NULL) {
1760         const char* pos = strchr(tail, '=');
1761         size_t len = (pos == NULL) ? strlen(tail) : pos - tail;
1762         char* name = strncpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1), tail, len);
1763         name[len] = '\0';
1764 
1765         char *options = NULL;
1766         if(pos != NULL) {
1767           options = strcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, strlen(pos + 1) + 1), pos + 1);
1768         }
1769 #ifdef JVMTI_KERNEL
1770         if ((strcmp(name, "hprof") == 0) || (strcmp(name, "jdwp") == 0)) {
1771           warning("profiling and debugging agents are not supported with Kernel VM");
1772         } else
1773 #endif // JVMTI_KERNEL
1774         add_init_agent(name, options, is_absolute_path);
1775 
1776       }
1777     // -javaagent
1778     } else if (match_option(option, "-javaagent:", &tail)) {
1779       if(tail != NULL) {
1780         char *options = strcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, strlen(tail) + 1), tail);
1781         add_init_agent("instrument", options, false);
1782       }
1783     // -Xnoclassgc
1784     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoclassgc", &tail)) {
1785       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ClassUnloading, false);
1786     // -Xincgc: i-CMS
1787     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xincgc", &tail)) {
1788       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, true);
1789       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, CMSIncrementalMode, true);
1790     // -Xnoincgc: no i-CMS
1791     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoincgc", &tail)) {
1792       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, false);
1793       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, CMSIncrementalMode, false);
1794     // -Xconcgc
1795     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xconcgc", &tail)) {
1796       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, true);
1797     // -Xnoconcgc
1798     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoconcgc", &tail)) {
1799       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, false);
1800     // -Xbatch
1801     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbatch", &tail)) {
1802       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BackgroundCompilation, false);
1803     // -Xmn for compatibility with other JVM vendors
1804     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmn", &tail)) {
1805       jlong long_initial_eden_size = 0;
1806       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_initial_eden_size, 1);
1807       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
1808         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1809                     "Invalid initial eden size: %s\n", option->optionString);
1810         describe_range_error(errcode);
1811         return JNI_EINVAL;
1812       }
1813       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxNewSize, (size_t) long_initial_eden_size);
1814       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NewSize, (size_t) long_initial_eden_size);
1815     // -Xms
1816     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xms", &tail)) {
1817       jlong long_initial_heap_size = 0;
1818       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_initial_heap_size, 1);
1819       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
1820         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1821                     "Invalid initial heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
1822         describe_range_error(errcode);
1823         return JNI_EINVAL;
1824       }
1825       set_initial_heap_size((size_t) long_initial_heap_size);
1826       // Currently the minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
1827       set_min_heap_size(initial_heap_size());
1828     // -Xmx
1829     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmx", &tail)) {
1830       jlong long_max_heap_size = 0;
1831       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_max_heap_size, 1);
1832       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
1833         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1834                     "Invalid maximum heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
1835         describe_range_error(errcode);
1836         return JNI_EINVAL;
1837       }
1838       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxHeapSize, (size_t) long_max_heap_size);
1839     // Xmaxf
1840     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxf", &tail)) {
1841       int maxf = (int)(atof(tail) * 100);
1842       if (maxf < 0 || maxf > 100) {
1843         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1844                     "Bad max heap free percentage size: %s\n",
1845                     option->optionString);
1846         return JNI_EINVAL;
1847       } else {
1848         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxHeapFreeRatio, maxf);
1849       }
1850     // Xminf
1851     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xminf", &tail)) {
1852       int minf = (int)(atof(tail) * 100);
1853       if (minf < 0 || minf > 100) {
1854         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1855                     "Bad min heap free percentage size: %s\n",
1856                     option->optionString);
1857         return JNI_EINVAL;
1858       } else {
1859         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MinHeapFreeRatio, minf);
1860       }
1861     // -Xss
1862     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xss", &tail)) {
1863       jlong long_ThreadStackSize = 0;
1864       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ThreadStackSize, 1000);
1865       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
1866         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1867                     "Invalid thread stack size: %s\n", option->optionString);
1868         describe_range_error(errcode);
1869         return JNI_EINVAL;
1870       }
1871       // Internally track ThreadStackSize in units of 1024 bytes.
1872       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, ThreadStackSize,
1873                               round_to((int)long_ThreadStackSize, K) / K);
1874     // -Xoss
1875     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xoss", &tail)) {
1876           // HotSpot does not have separate native and Java stacks, ignore silently for compatibility
1877     // -Xmaxjitcodesize
1878     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxjitcodesize", &tail)) {
1879       jlong long_ReservedCodeCacheSize = 0;
1880       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ReservedCodeCacheSize,
1881                                             InitialCodeCacheSize);
1882       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
1883         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1884                     "Invalid maximum code cache size: %s\n",
1885                     option->optionString);
1886         describe_range_error(errcode);
1887         return JNI_EINVAL;
1888       }
1889       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ReservedCodeCacheSize, (uintx)long_ReservedCodeCacheSize);
1890     // -green
1891     } else if (match_option(option, "-green", &tail)) {
1892       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1893                   "Green threads support not available\n");
1894           return JNI_EINVAL;
1895     // -native
1896     } else if (match_option(option, "-native", &tail)) {
1897           // HotSpot always uses native threads, ignore silently for compatibility
1898     // -Xsqnopause
1899     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xsqnopause", &tail)) {
1900           // EVM option, ignore silently for compatibility
1901     // -Xrs
1902     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrs", &tail)) {
1903           // Classic/EVM option, new functionality
1904       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ReduceSignalUsage, true);
1905     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xusealtsigs", &tail)) {
1906           // change default internal VM signals used - lower case for back compat
1907       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseAltSigs, true);
1908     // -Xoptimize
1909     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xoptimize", &tail)) {
1910           // EVM option, ignore silently for compatibility
1911     // -Xprof
1912     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprof", &tail)) {
1913 #ifndef FPROF_KERNEL
1914       _has_profile = true;
1915 #else // FPROF_KERNEL
1916       // do we have to exit?
1917       warning("Kernel VM does not support flat profiling.");
1918 #endif // FPROF_KERNEL
1919     // -Xaprof
1920     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xaprof", &tail)) {
1921       _has_alloc_profile = true;
1922     // -Xconcurrentio
1923     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xconcurrentio", &tail)) {
1924       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseLWPSynchronization, true);
1925       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BackgroundCompilation, false);
1926       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, DeferThrSuspendLoopCount, 1);
1927       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseTLAB, false);
1928       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NewSizeThreadIncrease, 16 * K);  // 20Kb per thread added to new generation
1929 
1930       // -Xinternalversion
1931     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xinternalversion", &tail)) {
1932       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "%s\n",
1933                   VM_Version::internal_vm_info_string());
1934       vm_exit(0);
1935 #ifndef PRODUCT
1936     // -Xprintflags
1937     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprintflags", &tail)) {
1938       CommandLineFlags::printFlags();
1939       vm_exit(0);
1940 #endif
1941     // -D
1942     } else if (match_option(option, "-D", &tail)) {
1943       if (!add_property(tail)) {
1944         return JNI_ENOMEM;
1945       }
1946       // Out of the box management support
1947       if (match_option(option, "-Dcom.sun.management", &tail)) {
1948         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ManagementServer, true);
1949       }
1950     // -Xint
1951     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xint", &tail)) {
1952           set_mode_flags(_int);
1953     // -Xmixed
1954     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmixed", &tail)) {
1955           set_mode_flags(_mixed);
1956     // -Xcomp
1957     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcomp", &tail)) {
1958       // for testing the compiler; turn off all flags that inhibit compilation
1959           set_mode_flags(_comp);
1960 
1961     // -Xshare:dump
1962     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:dump", &tail)) {
1963 #ifdef TIERED
1964       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DumpSharedSpaces, true);
1965       set_mode_flags(_int);     // Prevent compilation, which creates objects
1966 #elif defined(COMPILER2)
1967       vm_exit_during_initialization(
1968           "Dumping a shared archive is not supported on the Server JVM.", NULL);
1969 #elif defined(KERNEL)
1970       vm_exit_during_initialization(
1971           "Dumping a shared archive is not supported on the Kernel JVM.", NULL);
1972 #else
1973       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DumpSharedSpaces, true);
1974       set_mode_flags(_int);     // Prevent compilation, which creates objects
1975 #endif
1976     // -Xshare:on
1977     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:on", &tail)) {
1978       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true);
1979       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, true);
1980 #ifdef TIERED
1981       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ForceSharedSpaces, true);
1982 #endif // TIERED
1983     // -Xshare:auto
1984     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:auto", &tail)) {
1985       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true);
1986       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, false);
1987     // -Xshare:off
1988     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:off", &tail)) {
1989       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, false);
1990       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, false);
1991 
1992     // -Xverify
1993     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xverify", &tail)) {
1994       if (strcmp(tail, ":all") == 0 || strcmp(tail, "") == 0) {
1995         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, true);
1996         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, true);
1997       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":remote") == 0) {
1998         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, false);
1999         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, true);
2000       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":none") == 0) {
2001         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, false);
2002         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, false);
2003       } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized, "verification")) {
2004         return JNI_EINVAL;
2005       }
2006     // -Xdebug
2007     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xdebug", &tail)) {
2008       // note this flag has been used, then ignore
2009       set_xdebug_mode(true);
2010     // -Xnoagent
2011     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoagent", &tail)) {
2012       // For compatibility with classic. HotSpot refuses to load the old style agent.dll.
2013     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xboundthreads", &tail)) {
2014       // Bind user level threads to kernel threads (Solaris only)
2015       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseBoundThreads, true);
2016     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xloggc:", &tail)) {
2017       // Redirect GC output to the file. -Xloggc:<filename>
2018       // ostream_init_log(), when called will use this filename
2019       // to initialize a fileStream.
2020       _gc_log_filename = strdup(tail);
2021       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintGC, true);
2022       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintGCTimeStamps, true);
2023       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, TraceClassUnloading, true);
2024 
2025     // JNI hooks
2026     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcheck", &tail)) {
2027       if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
2028         CheckJNICalls = true;
2029       } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized,
2030                                      "check")) {
2031         return JNI_EINVAL;
2032       }
2033     } else if (match_option(option, "vfprintf", &tail)) {
2034       _vfprintf_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(vfprintf_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
2035     } else if (match_option(option, "exit", &tail)) {
2036       _exit_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(exit_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
2037     } else if (match_option(option, "abort", &tail)) {
2038       _abort_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(abort_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
2039     // -XX:+AggressiveHeap
2040     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+AggressiveHeap", &tail)) {
2041 
2042       // This option inspects the machine and attempts to set various
2043       // parameters to be optimal for long-running, memory allocation
2044       // intensive jobs.  It is intended for machines with large
2045       // amounts of cpu and memory.
2046 
2047       // initHeapSize is needed since _initial_heap_size is 4 bytes on a 32 bit
2048       // VM, but we may not be able to represent the total physical memory
2049       // available (like having 8gb of memory on a box but using a 32bit VM).
2050       // Thus, we need to make sure we're using a julong for intermediate
2051       // calculations.
2052       julong initHeapSize;
2053       julong total_memory = os::physical_memory();
2054 
2055       if (total_memory < (julong)256*M) {
2056         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2057                     "You need at least 256mb of memory to use -XX:+AggressiveHeap\n");
2058         vm_exit(1);
2059       }
2060 
2061       // The heap size is half of available memory, or (at most)
2062       // all of possible memory less 160mb (leaving room for the OS
2063       // when using ISM).  This is the maximum; because adaptive sizing
2064       // is turned on below, the actual space used may be smaller.
2065 
2066       initHeapSize = MIN2(total_memory / (julong)2,
2067                           total_memory - (julong)160*M);
2068 
2069       // Make sure that if we have a lot of memory we cap the 32 bit
2070       // process space.  The 64bit VM version of this function is a nop.
2071       initHeapSize = os::allocatable_physical_memory(initHeapSize);
2072 
2073       // The perm gen is separate but contiguous with the
2074       // object heap (and is reserved with it) so subtract it
2075       // from the heap size.
2076       if (initHeapSize > MaxPermSize) {
2077         initHeapSize = initHeapSize - MaxPermSize;
2078       } else {
2079         warning("AggressiveHeap and MaxPermSize values may conflict");
2080       }
2081 
2082       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
2083          FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxHeapSize, initHeapSize);
2084          set_initial_heap_size(MaxHeapSize);
2085          // Currently the minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
2086          set_min_heap_size(initial_heap_size());
2087       }
2088       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {
2089          // Make the young generation 3/8ths of the total heap.
2090          FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NewSize,
2091                                 ((julong)MaxHeapSize / (julong)8) * (julong)3);
2092          FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxNewSize, NewSize);
2093       }
2094 
2095       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, true);
2096 
2097       // Increase some data structure sizes for efficiency
2098       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, BaseFootPrintEstimate, MaxHeapSize);
2099       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ResizeTLAB, false);
2100       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, TLABSize, 256*K);
2101 
2102       // See the OldPLABSize comment below, but replace 'after promotion'
2103       // with 'after copying'.  YoungPLABSize is the size of the survivor
2104       // space per-gc-thread buffers.  The default is 4kw.
2105       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, YoungPLABSize, 256*K);      // Note: this is in words
2106 
2107       // OldPLABSize is the size of the buffers in the old gen that
2108       // UseParallelGC uses to promote live data that doesn't fit in the
2109       // survivor spaces.  At any given time, there's one for each gc thread.
2110       // The default size is 1kw. These buffers are rarely used, since the
2111       // survivor spaces are usually big enough.  For specjbb, however, there
2112       // are occasions when there's lots of live data in the young gen
2113       // and we end up promoting some of it.  We don't have a definite
2114       // explanation for why bumping OldPLABSize helps, but the theory
2115       // is that a bigger PLAB results in retaining something like the
2116       // original allocation order after promotion, which improves mutator
2117       // locality.  A minor effect may be that larger PLABs reduce the
2118       // number of PLAB allocation events during gc.  The value of 8kw
2119       // was arrived at by experimenting with specjbb.
2120       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, OldPLABSize, 8*K);  // Note: this is in words
2121 
2122       // CompilationPolicyChoice=0 causes the server compiler to adopt
2123       // a more conservative which-method-do-I-compile policy when one
2124       // of the counters maintained by the interpreter trips.  The
2125       // result is reduced startup time and improved specjbb and
2126       // alacrity performance.  Zero is the default, but we set it
2127       // explicitly here in case the default changes.
2128       // See runtime/compilationPolicy.*.
2129       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, CompilationPolicyChoice, 0);
2130 
2131       // Enable parallel GC and adaptive generation sizing
2132       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseParallelGC, true);
2133       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads,
2134                        Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
2135 
2136       // Encourage steady state memory management
2137       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ThresholdTolerance, 100);
2138 
2139       // This appears to improve mutator locality
2140       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false);
2141 
2142       // Get around early Solaris scheduling bug
2143       // (affinity vs other jobs on system)
2144       // but disallow DR and offlining (5008695).
2145       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BindGCTaskThreadsToCPUs, true);
2146 
2147     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+NeverTenure", &tail)) {
2148       // The last option must always win.
2149       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, false);
2150       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, true);
2151     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+AlwaysTenure", &tail)) {
2152       // The last option must always win.
2153       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false);
2154       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, true);
2155     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+CMSPermGenSweepingEnabled", &tail) ||
2156                match_option(option, "-XX:-CMSPermGenSweepingEnabled", &tail)) {
2157       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2158         "Please use CMSClassUnloadingEnabled in place of "
2159         "CMSPermGenSweepingEnabled in the future\n");
2160     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+UseGCTimeLimit", &tail)) {
2161       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseGCOverheadLimit, true);
2162       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2163         "Please use -XX:+UseGCOverheadLimit in place of "
2164         "-XX:+UseGCTimeLimit in the future\n");
2165     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-UseGCTimeLimit", &tail)) {
2166       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseGCOverheadLimit, false);
2167       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2168         "Please use -XX:-UseGCOverheadLimit in place of "
2169         "-XX:-UseGCTimeLimit in the future\n");
2170     // The TLE options are for compatibility with 1.3 and will be
2171     // removed without notice in a future release.  These options
2172     // are not to be documented.
2173     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:MaxTLERatio=", &tail)) {
2174       // No longer used.
2175     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ResizeTLE", &tail)) {
2176       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ResizeTLAB, true);
2177     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-ResizeTLE", &tail)) {
2178       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ResizeTLAB, false);
2179     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintTLE", &tail)) {
2180       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintTLAB, true);
2181     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-PrintTLE", &tail)) {
2182       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintTLAB, false);
2183     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:TLEFragmentationRatio=", &tail)) {
2184       // No longer used.
2185     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:TLESize=", &tail)) {
2186       jlong long_tlab_size = 0;
2187       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_tlab_size, 1);
2188       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2189         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2190                     "Invalid TLAB size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2191         describe_range_error(errcode);
2192         return JNI_EINVAL;
2193       }
2194       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, TLABSize, long_tlab_size);
2195     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:TLEThreadRatio=", &tail)) {
2196       // No longer used.
2197     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+UseTLE", &tail)) {
2198       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseTLAB, true);
2199     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-UseTLE", &tail)) {
2200       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseTLAB, false);
2201 SOLARIS_ONLY(
2202     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+UsePermISM", &tail)) {
2203       warning("-XX:+UsePermISM is obsolete.");
2204       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseISM, true);
2205     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-UsePermISM", &tail)) {
2206       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseISM, false);
2207 )
2208     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStderr", &tail)) {
2209       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStdout, false);
2210       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStderr, true);
2211     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStdout", &tail)) {
2212       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStderr, false);
2213       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStdout, true);
2214     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ExtendedDTraceProbes", &tail)) {
2215 #ifdef SOLARIS
2216       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ExtendedDTraceProbes, true);
2217       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceMethodProbes, true);
2218       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceAllocProbes, true);
2219       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceMonitorProbes, true);
2220 #else // ndef SOLARIS
2221       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2222                   "ExtendedDTraceProbes flag is only applicable on Solaris\n");
2223       return JNI_EINVAL;
2224 #endif // ndef SOLARIS
2225     } else
2226 #ifdef ASSERT
2227     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+FullGCALot", &tail)) {
2228       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, FullGCALot, true);
2229       // disable scavenge before parallel mark-compact
2230       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false);
2231     } else
2232 #endif
2233     if (match_option(option, "-XX:ParCMSPromoteBlocksToClaim=", &tail)) {
2234       julong cms_blocks_to_claim = (julong)atol(tail);
2235       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim, cms_blocks_to_claim);
2236       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2237         "Please use -XX:CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim in place of "
2238         "-XX:ParCMSPromoteBlocksToClaim in the future\n");
2239     } else
2240     if (match_option(option, "-XX:ParallelGCOldGenAllocBufferSize=", &tail)) {
2241       jlong old_plab_size = 0;
2242       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &old_plab_size, 1);
2243       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2244         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2245                     "Invalid old PLAB size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2246         describe_range_error(errcode);
2247         return JNI_EINVAL;
2248       }
2249       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, OldPLABSize, (julong)old_plab_size);
2250       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2251                   "Please use -XX:OldPLABSize in place of "
2252                   "-XX:ParallelGCOldGenAllocBufferSize in the future\n");
2253     } else
2254     if (match_option(option, "-XX:ParallelGCToSpaceAllocBufferSize=", &tail)) {
2255       jlong young_plab_size = 0;
2256       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &young_plab_size, 1);
2257       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2258         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2259                     "Invalid young PLAB size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2260         describe_range_error(errcode);
2261         return JNI_EINVAL;
2262       }
2263       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, YoungPLABSize, (julong)young_plab_size);
2264       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2265                   "Please use -XX:YoungPLABSize in place of "
2266                   "-XX:ParallelGCToSpaceAllocBufferSize in the future\n");
2267     } else
2268     if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) { // -XX:xxxx
2269       // Skip -XX:Flags= since that case has already been handled
2270       if (strncmp(tail, "Flags=", strlen("Flags=")) != 0) {
2271         if (!process_argument(tail, args->ignoreUnrecognized, origin)) {
2272           return JNI_EINVAL;
2273         }
2274       }
2275     // Unknown option
2276     } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
2277       return JNI_ERR;
2278     }
2279   }
2280 
2281   return JNI_OK;
2282 }
2283 
2284 jint Arguments::finalize_vm_init_args(SysClassPath* scp_p, bool scp_assembly_required) {
2285   // This must be done after all -D arguments have been processed.
2286   scp_p->expand_endorsed();
2287 
2288   if (scp_assembly_required || scp_p->get_endorsed() != NULL) {
2289     // Assemble the bootclasspath elements into the final path.
2290     Arguments::set_sysclasspath(scp_p->combined_path());
2291   }
2292 
2293   // This must be done after all arguments have been processed.
2294   // java_compiler() true means set to "NONE" or empty.
2295   if (java_compiler() && !xdebug_mode()) {
2296     // For backwards compatibility, we switch to interpreted mode if
2297     // -Djava.compiler="NONE" or "" is specified AND "-Xdebug" was
2298     // not specified.
2299     set_mode_flags(_int);
2300   }
2301   if (CompileThreshold == 0) {
2302     set_mode_flags(_int);
2303   }
2304 
2305 #ifdef TIERED
2306   // If we are using tiered compilation in the tiered vm then c1 will
2307   // do the profiling and we don't want to waste that time in the
2308   // interpreter.
2309   if (TieredCompilation) {
2310     ProfileInterpreter = false;
2311   } else {
2312     // Since we are running vanilla server we must adjust the compile threshold
2313     // unless the user has already adjusted it because the default threshold assumes
2314     // we will run tiered.
2315 
2316     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CompileThreshold)) {
2317       CompileThreshold = Tier2CompileThreshold;
2318     }
2319   }
2320 #endif // TIERED
2321 
2322 #ifndef COMPILER2
2323   // Don't degrade server performance for footprint
2324   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLargePages) &&
2325       MaxHeapSize < LargePageHeapSizeThreshold) {
2326     // No need for large granularity pages w/small heaps.
2327     // Note that large pages are enabled/disabled for both the
2328     // Java heap and the code cache.
2329     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, false);
2330     SOLARIS_ONLY(FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseMPSS, false));
2331     SOLARIS_ONLY(FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseISM, false));
2332   }
2333 #else
2334   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OptoLoopAlignment) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxLoopPad)) {
2335     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MaxLoopPad, OptoLoopAlignment-1);
2336   }
2337 #endif
2338 
2339   if (!check_vm_args_consistency()) {
2340     return JNI_ERR;
2341   }
2342 
2343   return JNI_OK;
2344 }
2345 
2346 jint Arguments::parse_java_options_environment_variable(SysClassPath* scp_p, bool* scp_assembly_required_p) {
2347   return parse_options_environment_variable("_JAVA_OPTIONS", scp_p,
2348                                             scp_assembly_required_p);
2349 }
2350 
2351 jint Arguments::parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(SysClassPath* scp_p, bool* scp_assembly_required_p) {
2352   return parse_options_environment_variable("JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS", scp_p,
2353                                             scp_assembly_required_p);
2354 }
2355 
2356 jint Arguments::parse_options_environment_variable(const char* name, SysClassPath* scp_p, bool* scp_assembly_required_p) {
2357   const int N_MAX_OPTIONS = 64;
2358   const int OPTION_BUFFER_SIZE = 1024;
2359   char buffer[OPTION_BUFFER_SIZE];
2360 
2361   // The variable will be ignored if it exceeds the length of the buffer.
2362   // Don't check this variable if user has special privileges
2363   // (e.g. unix su command).
2364   if (os::getenv(name, buffer, sizeof(buffer)) &&
2365       !os::have_special_privileges()) {
2366     JavaVMOption options[N_MAX_OPTIONS];      // Construct option array
2367     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2368                 "Picked up %s: %s\n", name, buffer);
2369     char* rd = buffer;                        // pointer to the input string (rd)
2370     int i;
2371     for (i = 0; i < N_MAX_OPTIONS;) {         // repeat for all options in the input string
2372       while (isspace(*rd)) rd++;              // skip whitespace
2373       if (*rd == 0) break;                    // we re done when the input string is read completely
2374 
2375       // The output, option string, overwrites the input string.
2376       // Because of quoting, the pointer to the option string (wrt) may lag the pointer to
2377       // input string (rd).
2378       char* wrt = rd;
2379 
2380       options[i++].optionString = wrt;        // Fill in option
2381       while (*rd != 0 && !isspace(*rd)) {     // unquoted strings terminate with a space or NULL
2382         if (*rd == '\'' || *rd == '"') {      // handle a quoted string
2383           int quote = *rd;                    // matching quote to look for
2384           rd++;                               // don't copy open quote
2385           while (*rd != quote) {              // include everything (even spaces) up until quote
2386             if (*rd == 0) {                   // string termination means unmatched string
2387               jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2388                           "Unmatched quote in %s\n", name);
2389               return JNI_ERR;
2390             }
2391             *wrt++ = *rd++;                   // copy to option string
2392           }
2393           rd++;                               // don't copy close quote
2394         } else {
2395           *wrt++ = *rd++;                     // copy to option string
2396         }
2397       }
2398       // Need to check if we're done before writing a NULL,
2399       // because the write could be to the byte that rd is pointing to.
2400       if (*rd++ == 0) {
2401         *wrt = 0;
2402         break;
2403       }
2404       *wrt = 0;                               // Zero terminate option
2405     }
2406     // Construct JavaVMInitArgs structure and parse as if it was part of the command line
2407     JavaVMInitArgs vm_args;
2408     vm_args.version = JNI_VERSION_1_2;
2409     vm_args.options = options;
2410     vm_args.nOptions = i;
2411     vm_args.ignoreUnrecognized = false;
2412 
2413     if (PrintVMOptions) {
2414       const char* tail;
2415       for (int i = 0; i < vm_args.nOptions; i++) {
2416         const JavaVMOption *option = vm_args.options + i;
2417         if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) {
2418           logOption(tail);
2419         }
2420       }
2421     }
2422 
2423     return(parse_each_vm_init_arg(&vm_args, scp_p, scp_assembly_required_p, ENVIRON_VAR));
2424   }
2425   return JNI_OK;
2426 }
2427 
2428 // Parse entry point called from JNI_CreateJavaVM
2429 
2430 jint Arguments::parse(const JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
2431 
2432   // Sharing support
2433   // Construct the path to the archive
2434   char jvm_path[JVM_MAXPATHLEN];
2435   os::jvm_path(jvm_path, sizeof(jvm_path));
2436 #ifdef TIERED
2437   if (strstr(jvm_path, "client") != NULL) {
2438     force_client_mode = true;
2439   }
2440 #endif // TIERED
2441   char *end = strrchr(jvm_path, *os::file_separator());
2442   if (end != NULL) *end = '\0';
2443   char *shared_archive_path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, strlen(jvm_path) +
2444                                         strlen(os::file_separator()) + 20);
2445   if (shared_archive_path == NULL) return JNI_ENOMEM;
2446   strcpy(shared_archive_path, jvm_path);
2447   strcat(shared_archive_path, os::file_separator());
2448   strcat(shared_archive_path, "classes");
2449   DEBUG_ONLY(strcat(shared_archive_path, "_g");)
2450   strcat(shared_archive_path, ".jsa");
2451   SharedArchivePath = shared_archive_path;
2452 
2453   // Remaining part of option string
2454   const char* tail;
2455 
2456   // If flag "-XX:Flags=flags-file" is used it will be the first option to be processed.
2457   bool settings_file_specified = false;
2458   int index;
2459   for (index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
2460     const JavaVMOption *option = args->options + index;
2461     if (match_option(option, "-XX:Flags=", &tail)) {
2462       if (!process_settings_file(tail, true, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
2463         return JNI_EINVAL;
2464       }
2465       settings_file_specified = true;
2466     }
2467     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintVMOptions", &tail)) {
2468       PrintVMOptions = true;
2469     }
2470   }
2471 
2472   // Parse default .hotspotrc settings file
2473   if (!settings_file_specified) {
2474     if (!process_settings_file(".hotspotrc", false, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
2475       return JNI_EINVAL;
2476     }
2477   }
2478 
2479   if (PrintVMOptions) {
2480     for (index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
2481       const JavaVMOption *option = args->options + index;
2482       if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) {
2483         logOption(tail);
2484       }
2485     }
2486   }
2487 
2488   // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure passed in, as well as JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS and _JAVA_OPTIONS
2489   jint result = parse_vm_init_args(args);
2490   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2491     return result;
2492   }
2493 
2494 #ifndef PRODUCT
2495   if (TraceBytecodesAt != 0) {
2496     TraceBytecodes = true;
2497   }
2498   if (CountCompiledCalls) {
2499     if (UseCounterDecay) {
2500       warning("UseCounterDecay disabled because CountCalls is set");
2501       UseCounterDecay = false;
2502     }
2503   }
2504 #endif // PRODUCT
2505 
2506   if (PrintGCDetails) {
2507     // Turn on -verbose:gc options as well
2508     PrintGC = true;
2509     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(TraceClassUnloading)) {
2510       TraceClassUnloading = true;
2511     }
2512   }
2513 
2514 #ifdef SERIALGC
2515   set_serial_gc_flags();
2516 #endif // SERIALGC
2517 #ifdef KERNEL
2518   no_shared_spaces();
2519 #endif // KERNEL
2520 
2521   // Set flags based on ergonomics.
2522   set_ergonomics_flags();
2523 
2524   // Check the GC selections again.
2525   if (!check_gc_consistency()) {
2526     return JNI_EINVAL;
2527   }
2528 
2529   if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) {
2530     // Set some flags for ParallelGC if needed.
2531     set_parallel_gc_flags();
2532   } else if (UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
2533     // Set some flags for CMS
2534     set_cms_and_parnew_gc_flags();
2535   } else if (UseParNewGC) {
2536     // Set some flags for ParNew
2537     set_parnew_gc_flags();
2538   }
2539 
2540 #ifdef SERIALGC
2541   assert(verify_serial_gc_flags(), "SerialGC unset");
2542 #endif // SERIALGC
2543 
2544   // Set bytecode rewriting flags
2545   set_bytecode_flags();
2546 
2547   // Set flags if Aggressive optimization flags (-XX:+AggressiveOpts) enabled.
2548   set_aggressive_opts_flags();
2549 
2550 #ifdef CC_INTERP
2551   // Biased locking is not implemented with c++ interpreter
2552   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseBiasedLocking, false);
2553 #endif /* CC_INTERP */
2554 
2555   if (PrintCommandLineFlags) {
2556     CommandLineFlags::printSetFlags();
2557   }
2558 
2559 #ifdef ASSERT
2560   if (PrintFlagsFinal) {
2561     CommandLineFlags::printFlags();
2562   }
2563 #endif
2564 
2565   return JNI_OK;
2566 }
2567 
2568 int Arguments::PropertyList_count(SystemProperty* pl) {
2569   int count = 0;
2570   while(pl != NULL) {
2571     count++;
2572     pl = pl->next();
2573   }
2574   return count;
2575 }
2576 
2577 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_value(SystemProperty *pl, const char* key) {
2578   assert(key != NULL, "just checking");
2579   SystemProperty* prop;
2580   for (prop = pl; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
2581     if (strcmp(key, prop->key()) == 0) return prop->value();
2582   }
2583   return NULL;
2584 }
2585 
2586 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_key_at(SystemProperty *pl, int index) {
2587   int count = 0;
2588   const char* ret_val = NULL;
2589 
2590   while(pl != NULL) {
2591     if(count >= index) {
2592       ret_val = pl->key();
2593       break;
2594     }
2595     count++;
2596     pl = pl->next();
2597   }
2598 
2599   return ret_val;
2600 }
2601 
2602 char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_value_at(SystemProperty* pl, int index) {
2603   int count = 0;
2604   char* ret_val = NULL;
2605 
2606   while(pl != NULL) {
2607     if(count >= index) {
2608       ret_val = pl->value();
2609       break;
2610     }
2611     count++;
2612     pl = pl->next();
2613   }
2614 
2615   return ret_val;
2616 }
2617 
2618 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, SystemProperty *new_p) {
2619   SystemProperty* p = *plist;
2620   if (p == NULL) {
2621     *plist = new_p;
2622   } else {
2623     while (p->next() != NULL) {
2624       p = p->next();
2625     }
2626     p->set_next(new_p);
2627   }
2628 }
2629 
2630 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, char* v) {
2631   if (plist == NULL)
2632     return;
2633 
2634   SystemProperty* new_p = new SystemProperty(k, v, true);
2635   PropertyList_add(plist, new_p);
2636 }
2637 
2638 // This add maintains unique property key in the list.
2639 void Arguments::PropertyList_unique_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, char* v) {
2640   if (plist == NULL)
2641     return;
2642 
2643   // If property key exist then update with new value.
2644   SystemProperty* prop;
2645   for (prop = *plist; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
2646     if (strcmp(k, prop->key()) == 0) {
2647       prop->set_value(v);
2648       return;
2649     }
2650   }
2651 
2652   PropertyList_add(plist, k, v);
2653 }
2654 
2655 #ifdef KERNEL
2656 char *Arguments::get_kernel_properties() {
2657   // Find properties starting with kernel and append them to string
2658   // We need to find out how long they are first because the URL's that they
2659   // might point to could get long.
2660   int length = 0;
2661   SystemProperty* prop;
2662   for (prop = _system_properties; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
2663     if (strncmp(prop->key(), "kernel.", 7 ) == 0) {
2664       length += (strlen(prop->key()) + strlen(prop->value()) + 5);  // "-D ="
2665     }
2666   }
2667   // Add one for null terminator.
2668   char *props = AllocateHeap(length + 1, "get_kernel_properties");
2669   if (length != 0) {
2670     int pos = 0;
2671     for (prop = _system_properties; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
2672       if (strncmp(prop->key(), "kernel.", 7 ) == 0) {
2673         jio_snprintf(&props[pos], length-pos,
2674                      "-D%s=%s ", prop->key(), prop->value());
2675         pos = strlen(props);
2676       }
2677     }
2678   }
2679   // null terminate props in case of null
2680   props[length] = '\0';
2681   return props;
2682 }
2683 #endif // KERNEL
2684 
2685 // Copies src into buf, replacing "%%" with "%" and "%p" with pid
2686 // Returns true if all of the source pointed by src has been copied over to
2687 // the destination buffer pointed by buf. Otherwise, returns false.
2688 // Notes:
2689 // 1. If the length (buflen) of the destination buffer excluding the
2690 // NULL terminator character is not long enough for holding the expanded
2691 // pid characters, it also returns false instead of returning the partially
2692 // expanded one.
2693 // 2. The passed in "buflen" should be large enough to hold the null terminator.
2694 bool Arguments::copy_expand_pid(const char* src, size_t srclen,
2695                                 char* buf, size_t buflen) {
2696   const char* p = src;
2697   char* b = buf;
2698   const char* src_end = &src[srclen];
2699   char* buf_end = &buf[buflen - 1];
2700 
2701   while (p < src_end && b < buf_end) {
2702     if (*p == '%') {
2703       switch (*(++p)) {
2704       case '%':         // "%%" ==> "%"
2705         *b++ = *p++;
2706         break;
2707       case 'p':  {       //  "%p" ==> current process id
2708         // buf_end points to the character before the last character so
2709         // that we could write '\0' to the end of the buffer.
2710         size_t buf_sz = buf_end - b + 1;
2711         int ret = jio_snprintf(b, buf_sz, "%d", os::current_process_id());
2712 
2713         // if jio_snprintf fails or the buffer is not long enough to hold
2714         // the expanded pid, returns false.
2715         if (ret < 0 || ret >= (int)buf_sz) {
2716           return false;
2717         } else {
2718           b += ret;
2719           assert(*b == '\0', "fail in copy_expand_pid");
2720           if (p == src_end && b == buf_end + 1) {
2721             // reach the end of the buffer.
2722             return true;
2723           }
2724         }
2725         p++;
2726         break;
2727       }
2728       default :
2729         *b++ = '%';
2730       }
2731     } else {
2732       *b++ = *p++;
2733     }
2734   }
2735   *b = '\0';
2736   return (p == src_end); // return false if not all of the source was copied
2737 }